Analyze (DMAIC Phase)

Third phase of Six Sigma DMAIC where the team uses statistical tools and data analysis to identify root causes of variation and defects. Common tools include hypothesis testing, correlation analysis, regression, and process mapping. Distinguishes vital few causes from trivial many through data-driven analysis. Answers 'What are the root causes of poor performance?' Similar to A3 Root Cause Analysis but with heavier emphasis on statistical verification versus qualitative reasoning. Must prove causation, not just correlation.